Fasting Blood Glucose Levels and Lipid Profile in Patients with Thyroid Dysfunction

The function of the thyroid gland is to keep the oxidative metabolism of body tissues at normal levels. The most important effect of thyroid hormones is to increase the metabolic rate and oxygen consumption of all tissues. In this study, we aimed to determine and compare the fasting blood glucose (FBG) levels, lipids and body mass index (BMI) in different thyroid hormone level states. The study included 32 thyrotoxicosis, 32 subclinical hyperthyroidism, 31 hypothyroidism, 34 subclinical hypothyroidism patients and 31 healthy volunteers as control group. In addition to routine blood tests, free T3 (FT3), free T4 (FT4), Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH), FBG and lipid parameters were assessed and BMI was recorded for each patient. Average FBG level was the lowest in hypothyroid group, the highest in thyrotoxic group, and there was statistically significant difference between these two groups (p = 0.005). There was a negative correlation between FBG and TSH (p = 0.03). Total cholesterol and LDL levels of hypothyroid patients were significantly higher than other groups (p< 0.05). In accordance with literature, we determined that thyroid hormones apparently affect glucose and lipid metabolism.